CABD (Circulation, Airway, Breathing, Defibrillation)
is a common acronym in BLS used for individuals who
assist people in respiratory distress and cardiac arrest to
properly assess and treat their condition . This is CAB-D
(Circulation, Airway, Breathing, Defibrillation). The following steps
will help you to perform the right actions.
Suppose you see an adult lying on the ground.
Assess the environment to make sure everything around you is safe,
so that you can provide the appropriate help to the victim.
Assess how responsive he is. Touch the person lightly on the shoulder, shake them a little, ask them out loud, are you okay? Do you hear me?
The purpose of all of this is to find out if the victim is conscious and responsive
to your touch and talk.
If the victim is unresponsive, one person should call 911 and
bring the AED, And in the case of two people, one should call 911 and bring the AED, while the other should stay with the victim. The victim should be placed on their back on a firm surface to begin CPR and use the AED.

Circulation

Check the pulse on the carotid artery for 5-10 seconds (not longer than 10 seconds). per minute. If the patient has no pulse: Begin 5 cycles of CPR (this will last about 2 minutes
).
Begin with chest compressions
Give 100 to 120 compressions per minute, 30 compressions every 15- 18 seconds.
Place your palms together on the bottom 1/3 of the victim's breastbone
between the nipples. Apply pressure using both hands
to a depth of about 5-6 cm on the chest. Apply thrusts with appropriate strength
and speed. Allow the chest to
expand fully after each push.

1 cycle of CPR in an adult includes 30 compressions and two breaths

If there are two of you, switch places during the 5 cycles of CPR.

Airway

In the case of collapse, suffocation or trauma, when it is necessary to release the airway, the following maneuvers are used: Jaw Thrust maneuver, which is used when the presence of spinal trauma is not excluded. At this time, it is important not to injure the spine, therefore: place your fingers on the surface of the lower jaw and press it forward to move the jaw forward. ) and there is no reason to suspect a
spinal injury. Use the Head Tilt-Chin Lift maneuver: place the palm of your hand on the patient's
forehead, gently push the head back. Place the fingers of the other hand on the chin area to lift it forward and up.

Breathing

Checking the Patient's Chest and Torso:
Movement of the victim's chest and torso should be checked when
the “Response Assessment” process is carried out. At this time, attention should be paid to whether he has abnormal breathing or irritation.

თუ პაციენტი სუნთქავს ნორმალურად:

• Continue to assess the patient's condition and ensure a clear airway.
• Place the patient in the recovery position, but only if you are certain that this position will not worsen the patient's injuries.

If the patient is not breathing or breathing inadequately:

• If the patient has a pulse: start artificial respiration immediately.

Main points:

• Assessment of breathing and heart rate is essential in emergency situations.
• In the case of normal breathing, it is necessary to keep the airways free
• Keeping in position and placing the patient in the appropriate rescue position. In case of lack of breathing or insufficient breathing - if the patient has a pulse,
• Artificial respiration should be started immediately.

If the patient has no pulse:

• Begin CPR. (move to the “Circulation” portion of the algorithm.)
• Use a barrier device if available.
• Hold your fingers over the victim's nostrils Create an airtight contact with your mouth over the patient's mouth, or use a pocket mask or Ambu bag Each inhalation should last approximately 1 second Watch for chest rise.
• Allow time for air to escape from victim during normal CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) when no special airway device is required Give approximately 6-8 breaths per minute during normal CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) when a ventilator is required Using a special road device, take 10 breaths per minute, do not stop chest compressions.
• If the patient has a pulse and does not require CPR, give 10 breaths per minute (1 breath every 6 seconds) Check for a pulse every 2 minutes.

If there is a foreign body obstruction:

Apply pressure to the abdominal muscles (Heimlich maneuver)

Recovery position

Place the patient in a side-lying position with the head down to allow fluids to drain.

Make sure the position is stable.

Avoid chest pressure, which can make breathing difficult.

Position the patient so that you can easily turn him onto his back
if necessary.

Take steps to stabilize the neck if the neck vertebrae are injured.
Continue to assess the airway and maintain patency.

Avoid using a safe position if it could result in
injury to the patient.